iindaba

1. Inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo izinambuzane.Emva kokugubungela iumnatha wezinambuzane, ngokusisiseko inokuphepha iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo ezifana nemibungu yekhaphetshu, amanundu ediamondback, neentwala.Emva kokuba iimveliso zezolimo zigqunywe ngeminatha yobungqina bezinambuzane, zinokunqanda ngokufanelekileyo ukonakaliswa kwezinambuzane ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifana nekhaphetshu, i-diamondback moths, i-cabbage armyworms, i-Spodoptera litura, i-flea beetles, i-simian leaf beetles, i-aphids njalo njalo.Ngokovavanyo, umnatha wokulawula izinambuzane usebenza ngama-94-97% kwimibungu yekhaphetshu yekhaphetshu, inundu ye-diamondback, i-cowpea pod borer kunye ne-Liriomyza sativa, kunye ne-90% kwi-aphids.
2. Inokuthintela izifo.Usulelo lwentsholongwane lunokuba neziphumo ezibi ekulinyweni kwegreenhouse, ngakumbi ziintwala.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokufakwa kwe-insect-proof net kwi-greenhouse, ukuhanjiswa kwezinambuzane kunqunyulwa, okunciphisa kakhulu iziganeko zezifo zentsholongwane, kwaye umphumo wokulawula umalunga ne-80%.
3. Lungisa iqondo lobushushu, ubushushu bomhlaba kunye nokufuma.Ngexesha elitshisayo, i-greenhouse igqunywe ngomnatha omhlophe wobungqina bezinambuzane.Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba: ngoJulayi-Agasti oshushu, kwi-25-mesh emhlophe yobungqina bezinambuzane, ubushushu ekuseni nangokuhlwa bufana nebala elivulekileyo, kwaye ubushushu bumalunga ne-1 ℃ ngaphantsi kwebala elivulekileyo. emini enkulu ngemini enelanga.Ukususela ngoMatshi ukuya ku-Epreli ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iqondo lokushisa kwi-shed egutyungelwe ngumnatha wobungqina bezinambuzane ngu-1-2 ° C ngaphezu kwendawo evulekileyo, kwaye iqondo lokushisa kwi-5 cm emhlabeni liyi-0.5-1 ° C ngaphezulu. ukuba kwindawo evulekileyo, enokuthintela ngempumelelo iqabaka.Ukongezelela, umnatha okhusela izinambuzane unokuthintela inxalenye yamanzi emvula ukuba angangeni eshedini, unciphise ukufuma ebaleni, unciphise ukwenzeka kwezifo, kwaye unciphise ukuba ngumphunga wamanzi kwindlu eluhlaza ngeentsuku ezinelanga.
4. Inefuthe lomthunzi.Ehlotyeni, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kukhulu, kwaye ukukhanya okunamandla kuya kuthintela ukukhula kwemifuno yemifuno, ngokukodwa imifuno enamagqabi, kunye nenethi yobungqina bezinambuzane inokudlala indima ethile kwi-shading.Umnatha we-20-22 we-mesh yesilivere-ngwevu-ubungqina bezinambuzane ngokubanzi unomlinganiselo we-shading we-20-25%.
Ukukhetha imodeli
Ekwindla, izinambuzane ezininzi ziqala ukuhamba kwi-shed, ngakumbi ezinye iintsholongwane ze-moth kunye ne-butterfly.Ngenxa yobukhulu bezi zinambuzane, abalimi bemifuno banokusebenzisa iminatha yokulawula izinambuzane enemingxuma embalwa ngokwentelekiso, njengeminatha engama-30-60 yokulawula izinambuzane.Nangona kunjalo, kwabo banokhula oluninzi kunye neempukane ezimhlophe ngaphandle kweshedi, kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukuba bangangeni kwimingxuma yenethi yokukhusela izinambuzane ngokobukhulu obuncinane beempukane ezimhlophe.Kucetyiswa ukuba abalimi bemifuno basebenzise iminatha exineneyo yokumelana nezinambuzane, ezifana ne-40-60 mesh.

Ukukhethwa kombala

Umzekelo, i-thrips inotyekelo olunamandla kumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Ukusebenzisa iinethi eziluhlaza zokuthintela izinambuzane zinokutsala lula iithrips ezingaphandle kweshedi kwindawo engqongileyo.Emva kokuba umnatha wokukhusela izinambuzane ungagqunywanga ngokuqinileyo, inani elikhulu leethrips liya kungena kwishedi kwaye lenze ingozi;Ngokusetyenziswa kweminatha emhlophe yobungqina bezinambuzane, le nto ayiyi kwenzeka kwi-greenhouse.Xa isetyenziswe ngokubambisana neminatha ye-shading, kuyafaneleka ukukhetha umhlophe.Kukwakho nenethi yobungqina bezinambuzane esilivere-ngwevu enempembelelo entle yokugxotha iintwala, kwaye umnatha okhusela izinambuzane ezimnyama unefuthe elibonakalayo lomthunzi, elingafanelanga ukusetyenziswa ebusika kunye neentsuku ezinamafu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nehlobo entwasahlobo nasekwindla, xa iqondo lobushushu lisezantsi nokukhanya kubuthathaka, kufanele kusetyenziswe iminatha emhlophe yokuthintela izinambuzane;ehlotyeni, iinatha ezimnyama okanye zesilivere-ezingwevu kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukwenzela ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo umthunzi kunye nokupholisa;kwiindawo ezineentwala zeentwala ezimandundu kunye nezifo zentsholongwane, ukuze uqhube Ukuphepha iintwala kunye nokuthintela izifo zentsholongwane, iminatha yesilivere-grey yokuthintela izinambuzane kufuneka isetyenziswe.
Ukulumkela
1. Phambi kokutyala okanye ukutyala, sebenzisa ishedi egcwele ubushushu obuphezulu okanye utshize amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi anetyhefu esezantsi ukuze ubulale izifunxi-gazi kunye nemibungu emhlabeni.
2. Xa utyala, izithole kufuneka zifakwe kwi-shed kunye neyeza, kwaye izityalo ezinamandla ezingenalo izinambuzane kunye nezifo kufuneka zikhethwe.
3. Ukuqinisa ulawulo lwemihla ngemihla.Xa ungena kwaye uphuma kwi-greenhouse, umnyango weshedi kufuneka uvalwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zihlanjululwe nge-disinfected ngaphambi kokusebenza kwezolimo ukuthintela ukungeniswa kweentsholongwane, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza komnatha wobungqina bezinambuzane.
4. Kuyimfuneko ukukhangela inethi yokuthintela izinambuzane rhoqo ukuze kukhale iinyembezi.Emva kokuba ifunyenwe, kufuneka ilungiswe kwangethuba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho zitshabalalisi zihlasela kwi-greenhouse.
5. Qinisekisa umgangatho wokhuseleko.Umnatha wokuthintela izinambuzane kufuneka uvalwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ugqunywe, kwaye indawo ejikelezileyo kufuneka idityaniswe ngomhlaba kwaye iqiniswe ngokuqinileyo ngomgca wokulalisa;iingcango zokungena kunye nokushiya ishedi enkulu, ephakathi kunye ne-greenhouse kufuneka ifakwe kunye nenethi yokukhusela izinambuzane, kwaye uqaphele ukuyivala ngokukhawuleza xa ungena kwaye uphuma.Iminatha ekhusela izinambuzane igquma ukulima kwiishedi ezincinci ezinearched, kwaye ubude be trellis kufuneka bubephezulu kakhulu kunobo bezityalo, ukuze kuthintelwe amagqabi emifuno ukuba abambelele kwiminatha ekhusela izinambuzane, ukuze kuthintelwe izinambuzane ezitya ngaphandle. iminatha okanye ukubeka amaqanda kumagqabi emifuno.Makungabikho zithuba phakathi komnatha wokuthintela izinambuzane osetyenziselwa ukuvala indawo yomoya kunye nesigqubuthelo esicacileyo, ukuze ungashiyi umjelo wokungena nokuphuma kwizinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo.
6. Amanyathelo axhasayo abanzi.Ukongeza kwi-net-proof coverage ye-insect-proof coverage, edityaniswe namanyathelo abanzi axhasayo afana neentlobo ezichasene nezinambuzane, iintlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu, izichumisi zepakethe ezingangcolisekiyo, izibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji, imithombo yamanzi engangcolisi, kunye nokutshiza kunye nokunkcenkceshela okuncane, iziphumo ezingcono zinokufumaneka.
7. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa.Emva kokuba umnatha wokuthintela izinambuzane usetyenziswa entsimini, ufanele uqokelelwe kwangethuba, uhlanjwe, womiswe, uze usongwe ukuze kwandiswe ubomi bawo benkonzo nokwandisa iingenelo zezoqoqosho.
Ulawulo oluphathekayo kunye nolawulo lwebhayoloji lunoncedo lokungangcolisi okusingqongileyo, lukhuselekile kwizityalo, kubantu nakwizilwanyana, nasekutyeni.Njengohlobo lolawulo olubonakalayo, iminatha yokulawula izinambuzane ziimfuno zophuhliso lwezolimo lwexesha elizayo.Ndiyathemba ukuba abalimi abaninzi bangayiphumelela le ndlela., ukuphumeza iinzuzo ezingcono zoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo.