ibicuruzwa

Ubusitani buto bwa mesh, igifuniko cyimboga kugirango wirinde udukoko
Guhitamo inshundura:
Nubwoko bushya bwibikoresho bitwikiriye ubuhinzi, urushundura rwangiza udukoko rusanzwe ruboneka muri 25, 30, 40, 50, 60 mesh nubundi buryo bukunze gukoreshwa, kandi ibara rigabanijwemo umweru, ifeza-imvi, nibindi.
Ibisobanuro by'urusobe rw'udukoko bigomba kugenwa hakurikijwe intego yo gukoresha, nko kwirinda udukoko cyangwa kwirinda ubukonje, kwirinda imbuto zangiza no kwirinda imvura.
Mubisanzwe hitamo inshundura 40 zinzitiramubu.Iyo bikoreshejwe mu korora ingemwe zidafite uburozi, meshes 60 zirashobora gutoranywa kugirango habeho kwigunga no kurwanya virusi hamwe nudukoko twanduza virusi nka psyllide na aphide.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyo gupfuka urushundura:
1. Hagarika ibinyabuzima byo hanze
Ukurikije ubunini bwacyo, inshundura z’udukoko zifunga ibinyabuzima by’amahanga zirashobora kugira uruhare runini mu gukumira udukoko, inyoni n’imbeba byangiza imyaka.Mu myaka yashize, kubera impinduka muri gahunda yo gutera no guhinga, kuvugurura ubwoko n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ubwoko, ikwirakwizwa n’ibyonnyi by’udukoko twa citrusi nabyo byahindutse.Hariho kandi udukoko twangiza, udukoko twinshi, isazi zera, aphide n'abacukura amababi.Mu myaka yashize, ibyangijwe na kanseri mu bice by’umusaruro w’amajyepfo byagaragaje buhoro buhoro kuzamuka.
Ikoreshwa ry’udukoko twangiza udukoko nimwe mu ngamba zingenzi zogushira mubikorwa ingemwe zidafite virusi ya citrusi nibindi biti byimbuto.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukumira no gukwirakwiza udukoko twangiza nka citrus aphide na citrus psyllide, no kurinda umusaruro w’ingemwe zidafite virusi z’ibiti byimbuto.Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ukurikije inshundura 40 zo kurwanya udukoko twangiza udukoko, umubare wa psyllide, igitagangurirwa gitukura n’abacukura amababi mu nzu ya net uri munsi cyane ugereranije no hanze, byerekana ko urushundura rwo kurwanya udukoko rushobora gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha kugabanya udukoko.Umubare w'udukoko twangiza.
Ingaruka zo gukumira indwara ziterwa nudukoko zigaragarira cyane cyane mu gutandukanya inzira zanduza virusi, inzira zitanga imiti ninzira zitera udukoko twangiza, bityo bikabuza no kugabanya kugaragara no kwangiza udukoko dukuze.Ku rugero runaka, irashobora kubuza ko habaho indwara zimwe na zimwe za bagiteri na fungal (nka anthracnose).Canker nindwara ya kabiri yanduye cyane mu guhinga citrus nyuma ya Huanglongbing.Inzira nyamukuru zandura ni umuyaga, imvura, abantu, nudukoko.Nkumwanya ugereranije wigenga, urushundura rwo kurwanya udukoko ntirugabanya gusa inshuro zo kwanduza ibihimbano, ahubwo runagabanya cyane ikwirakwizwa rya kanseri kubera gutandukanya inzira nyamukuru yo kwanduza udukoko twangiza dukwirakwiza virusi.Ikigereranyo cyo kugereranya hagati y'urusobe n'umurima ufunguye byerekana ko kwandura indwara ya kanseri itandukana hejuru ya 80% hagati ya citrusi ikura hamwe n'inzitiramubu hamwe n'ahantu hafunguye umurima udafite inshundura.
2. Kunoza ubushyuhe no kumurika murusobe
Gupfuka urushundura birashobora kugabanya ubukana bwurumuri, guhindura ubushyuhe bwubutaka nubushyuhe bwikirere nubushuhe, kandi mugihe kimwe birashobora kugabanya imvura igwa mucyumba cya net, kugabanya umwuka wamazi mucyumba cya net, no kugabanya ihererekanyabubasha rya citrusi. amababi.Citrus Rutaceae.Ukunda ikirere gishyushye nubushuhe, ubukonje bukabije.Tropicale na subtropical ibiti byimbuto byatsi.Imikurire yacyo, iterambere, indabyo n'imbuto bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ibidukikije nkubushyuhe, izuba, ubushuhe, ubutaka, umuyaga, ubutumburuke, nubutaka.bifitanye isano.Citrus ni igihingwa cya kimwe cya kabiri kibi gifite imiterere myinshi yo guhuza n'izuba.Imbaraga z'umucyo ni 10000-40000 lx, kandi amasaha yizuba yumwaka ni amasaha 1000-2700, ashobora gukenera gukura kwa citrusi.
3. Kwirinda no kuvura Huanglongbing
Kugeza ubu, Huanglongbing yabaye indwara ikomeye yibasira iterambere n'imiterere y'inganda za citrusi ku isi.Mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo, mbere y’iterambere rishya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukumira no kugenzura Huanglongbing, kurwanya indwara ya psyllide byari byarabaye ikintu gikomeye mu kugenzura ikwirakwizwa rya Huanglongbing, ryatewe n’ibintu nk’iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’akarere, imicungire y’imboga, imiterere na imiterere.Ubwiza bw'abakozi bo mu cyaro.Psyllid niyo yonyine yanduza virusi ya Huanglongbing, kugenzura rero psyllide ni ngombwa cyane.Indwara ya citrus ifite umuvuduko mwinshi w’indwara (igipimo cyanduza indwara ya psyllide imwe ni 70% kugeza 80%), ifite kwimuka gukomeye nubushobozi bwimyororokere bwihuse, kandi irwanya imiti yica udukoko dutandukanye.bumwe mu buryo bwiza.
4. Irinde kugabanuka kwimbuto
Mu mpeshyi mu Bushinwa bwo mu majyepfo, ibiza by’ikirere nk’imvura nyinshi na tifuni bikunze kugaragara.Iyo itwikiriwe ninshundura, irashobora kugabanya igabanuka ryimbuto ziterwa nimvura nyinshi, cyane cyane mugihe cyo guta imbuto za physiologique.Ingaruka zo gukumira igabanuka ryimbuto ziragaragara.Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bwa Fan Shulei nabandi.erekana ko kuvura gutwikira inshundura bishobora kongera cyane igipimo cyimbuto zubucuruzi kandi bikagabanya cyane igipimo cyigabanuka ryimbuto.
5, isoko yimisozi itangaje, kubungabunga citrus
Mu rushundura rwo kurwanya udukoko, isoko izashyuha hakiri kare, phenotype y’amacunga yo mu nda izaba iminsi 5 kugeza kuri 7 mbere, kandi imbuto nshya zizaba iminsi 7 kugeza ku 10 mbere, kandi igihe cy’impinga kizatigita, gishobora kongera amafaranga y abahinzi bimbuto no guha agaciro kanini.Gupfukirana igipande cya firime birashobora kongera ubushyuhe muri salo kugeza kuri 2 kugeza kuri 3 ° C, bikongerera igihe cyo gutanga imbuto nshya, kumenya isoko yimisozi itangaje, no kwirinda igihombo kidakenewe cyatewe nigihe cyimpera.
6. Ubuhungiro bw'umuyaga n'imvura
Urushundura rwangiza udukoko rufite inshundura ntoya, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi, ningaruka nziza yikirere.Mu musaruro, ibikoresho by'ibiti n'ibiti by'imbuto akenshi byogejwe kubera umuyaga mwinshi.Gupfundikira inshundura 25 zinzitane zirashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wumuyaga 15% ~ 20%, kandi gukoresha meshes 30 birashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wumuyaga 20% ~ 25%.Urubura n'imvura nyinshi mu cyi birashobora kwangiza imashini kubiti byimbuto.Gupfukirana inshundura z'udukoko birashobora kubuza urubura kutagira ibiti byimbuto kandi bikagabanya imbaraga z’imvura.