nkhani

1. Imatha kuteteza tizilombo.Pambuyo kuphimbaukonde wa tizilombo, imatha kupeŵa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga mbozi za kabichi, njenjete za diamondback, ndi nsabwe za m’masamba.Zogulitsa zaulimi zitaphimbidwa ndi maukonde oteteza tizilombo, zimatha kupewa kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo tosiyanasiyana monga mbozi za kabichi, njenjete za diamondback, nyongolotsi za kabichi, Spodoptera litura, ntchentche, nthata zamasamba, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zina zotero.Malinga ndi mayesowa, ukonde wothana ndi tizilombo ndi 94-97% wothandiza polimbana ndi mbozi za kabichi, njenjete za diamondback, cowpea pod borer ndi Liriomyza sativa, ndi 90% motsutsana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
2. Ikhoza kuteteza matenda.Kupatsirana kwa ma virus kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zowopsa pakukula kwa wowonjezera kutentha, makamaka ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.Komabe, pambuyo poyika ukonde woteteza tizilombo mu wowonjezera kutentha, kufalikira kwa tizirombo kumadulidwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa matenda a virus, ndipo mphamvu yowongolera imakhala pafupifupi 80%.
3. Sinthani kutentha, kutentha kwa nthaka ndi chinyezi.M'nyengo yotentha, wowonjezera kutentha amakutidwa ndi ukonde woyera woteteza tizilombo.Mayeso akuwonetsa kuti: mu July-August yotentha, muukonde wa 25-mesh woyera woteteza tizilombo, kutentha m'mawa ndi madzulo kumakhala kofanana ndi kutchire, ndipo kutentha kumakhala pafupifupi 1 ℃ kuposa kutchire. masana pa tsiku ladzuwa.Kuyambira March mpaka April kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kutentha kwa khola lomwe limakutidwa ndi ukonde woteteza tizilombo ndi 1-2 ° C pamwamba kuposa kutchire, ndipo pamtunda wa 5 cm ndi 0.5-1 ° C kuposa. kuti panja, zomwe zingalepheretse chisanu.Kuwonjezera apo, ukonde woteteza tizilombo ukhoza kutsekereza mbali ina ya madzi a mvula kuti asagwere m’khola, kuchepetsa chinyezi m’munda, kuchepetsa kufala kwa matenda, ndi kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi m’nyumba yotenthetserako kutentha pamasiku adzuŵa.
4. Imakhala ndi mthunzi.M'chilimwe, kuwala kowala kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kuwala kolimba kumalepheretsa kukula kwa vegetative masamba, makamaka masamba a masamba, ndipo ukonde woteteza tizilombo ukhoza kuchitapo kanthu pamthunzi.Ukonde wa 20-22 mesh silver-gray-proof-proof ukonde nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mthunzi wa 20-25%.
Kusankhidwa kwachitsanzo
M'dzinja, tizirombo tambiri timayamba kulowa m'khola, makamaka tizirombo ta njenjete ndi gulugufe.Chifukwa chakukula kwa tizirombozi, alimi amasamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde oletsa tizilombo okhala ndi ma meshes ochepa, monga maukonde 30-60 oletsa tizilombo.Komabe, kwa omwe ali ndi udzu wambiri ndi ntchentche zoyera kunja kwa shedi, m'pofunika kuwaletsa kuti asalowe m'mabowo a ukonde woteteza tizilombo malinga ndi kukula kwake kwa ntchentche zoyera.Ndibwino kuti alimi amasamba agwiritse ntchito maukonde olimba kwambiri oletsa tizilombo, monga ma mesh 40-60.

Kusankha mtundu

Mwachitsanzo, thrips ali ndi chizolowezi cholimba cha buluu.Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde oteteza tizilombo kutha kukopa ma thrips kunja kwa shedi kupita kumadera ozungulira.Ukonde woteteza tizilombo ukapanda kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, ma thrips ambiri amalowa m'khola ndikuwononga;Pogwiritsa ntchito maukonde oyera oteteza tizilombo, izi sizichitika mu wowonjezera kutentha.Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi maukonde a shading, ndi bwino kusankha zoyera.Palinso ukonde woteteza tizilombo wa silver-gray womwe umakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zothamangitsa nsabwe za m'masamba, ndipo ukonde wakuda woteteza tizilombo umakhala ndi mthunzi wofunikira, womwe suyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo yozizira komanso masiku amtambo.

Nthawi zambiri poyerekezera ndi chilimwe m’nyengo yachilimwe ndi m’dzinja, kutentha kukakhala kotsika ndiponso kuwala kuli kocheperapo, payenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maukonde oyera oteteza tizilombo;m'chilimwe, maukonde oteteza tizilombo akuda kapena siliva-imvi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aganizire za shading ndi kuzizira;m'madera omwe ali ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi matenda a virus, kuti muyendetse Kuti mupewe nsabwe za m'masamba komanso kupewa matenda a virus, muzigwiritsa ntchito maukonde oteteza tizilombo.
Kusamalitsa
1. Musanafese kapena kubzala, gwiritsani ntchito shedi yokhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kapena kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mphutsi m'nthaka.
2. Pobzala, mbande ziyenera kubweretsedwa m'khola ndi mankhwala, ndipo zomera zolimba zopanda tizirombo ndi matenda ziyenera kusankhidwa.
3. Limbikitsani kasamalidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku.Polowa ndi kutuluka mu wowonjezera kutentha, chitseko cha shedi chiyenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo zipangizo zoyenera ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanayambe ntchito zaulimi kuti muteteze kuyambitsidwa kwa mavairasi, kuti zitsimikizire kuti ukonde woteteza tizilombo ukugwira ntchito.
4. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ukonde woteteza tizilombo pafupipafupi kuti musagwe misozi.Akapezeka, ayenera kukonzedwa mu nthawi kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe tizilombo towononga mu wowonjezera kutentha.
5. Onetsetsani Kuphunzira khalidwe.Khoka loletsa tizilombo liyenera kukhala lotsekedwa mokwanira ndi kuphimba, ndipo malo ozungulira ayenera kupangidwa ndi dothi ndikukhazikika bwino ndi chingwe chotchinga;zitseko zolowera ndi kutuluka mchipinda chachikulu, chapakati komanso chowonjezera kutentha ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi ukonde woteteza tizilombo, ndipo samalani kuti mutseke nthawi yomweyo mukalowa ndikutuluka.Maukonde oteteza tizilombo amaphimba kulima m'mashedi ang'onoang'ono, ndipo kutalika kwa trellis kuyenera kukhala kokwera kwambiri kuposa kwa mbewu, kuti masamba a masamba asamamatire ku maukonde oteteza tizilombo, kuti tizirombo zisadye panja. maukonde kapena kuikira mazira pamasamba a masamba.Pasakhale mipata pakati pa ukonde woteteza tizilombo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito potseka mpweya wolowera mpweya ndi chophimba chowonekera, kuti asasiye njira yolowera ndikutulukira mbozi.
6. Njira zothandizira mokwanira.Kuphatikiza pa kutetezedwa kwa ukonde wotetezedwa ndi tizilombo, kuphatikiza njira zothandizira zonse monga mitundu yolimbana ndi tizirombo, mitundu yosamva kutentha, feteleza wopanda kuipitsidwa, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, magwero amadzi osawononga, kupopera mbewu ndi kuthirira pang'ono, zotsatira zabwino zikhoza kutheka.
7. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera ndi kusunga.Ukonde woteteza tizilombo ukadzagwiritsidwa ntchito m’munda, uyenera kusonkhanitsidwa panthaŵi yake, kuutsukidwa, kuumitsa, ndi kuukulunga kuti utalikitse moyo wake wautumiki ndi kuwonjezera phindu pazachuma.
Kuwongolera kwakuthupi ndi kuwongolera kwachilengedwe kuli ndi ubwino wosaipitsa chilengedwe, kukhala otetezeka ku mbewu, anthu ndi nyama, komanso chakudya.Monga njira yodzitetezera mwakuthupi, maukonde oletsa tizilombo ndi zofunika pakukula kwaulimi.Ndikukhulupirira kuti alimi ambiri atha kudziwa bwino njirayi., kuti apindule bwino pazachuma ndi chilengedwe.